Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Pseudomembranous cystitis with mineralization in male cats
By Labelle, Olivier et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary internal medicine·2023·Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Montreal (CHUV), Canada·View original on PubMed →
PetCaseFinder translated the abstract of this peer-reviewed paper into plain English so pet owners can read it. We do not publish original research — every detail traces back to the citation above. How we work →
Original publication title: Pseudomembranous cystitis in cats with presumed or confirmed mineralization: A retrospective study of 26 cases (2016-2021).
- Species:
- cat
Plain-English summary
A group of 26 male cats with pseudomembranous cystitis (PMC), a bladder condition, were treated after showing symptoms like difficulty urinating. Most of these cats also had urethral obstruction, and some had infections caused by specific bacteria. The cats received either medical treatment or surgery, and about 77% survived to go home. Follow-up ultrasounds showed that many cats improved, although some experienced a return of urinary issues. Overall, medical management proved effective for most of these cats.
People also search for: cat urinary problems · pseudomembranous cystitis in cats · cat bladder infection treatment · male cat urethral obstruction symptoms
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pseudomembranous cystitis (PMC) in cats is a recognized disease, but concurrent mineralization is reported rarely and its outcome is poorly described. HYPOTHESIS AND OBJECTIVES: Describe a population of cats with PMC and the prevalence of concurrent mineralization. ANIMALS: Twenty-six cats with PMC. METHODS: Medical records were retrospectively reviewed (January 2016 to December 2021). Cats with an ultrasound diagnosis of PMC were included. Clinicopathologic results, imaging, treatment, and outcome were reviewed. RESULTS: All cats were male and 21 (80%) were diagnosed with urethral obstruction (UO). Five cats (23.8%) had positive urine culture (Staphylococcus felis, 3/5; Proteus mirabilis, 2/5) with a median urine pH of 8 (range, 6-9). All cats had ultrasonographic changes suggestive of mineralization. On ultrasound examination, 10 cats (38.5%) had pseudomembranes with acoustic shadowing suggestive of mineralization, 15 (57.7%) had changes indicative of ulceration, and 8 (31%) had changes compatible with of a urachal anomaly. Twenty-two cats received medical treatment, 4 underwent surgery (3 percutaneous cystolithotomy, 1 cystotomy). Twenty cats (77%) survived to discharge. Follow-up ultrasound examination indicated resolution of PMC in 6/7 cats, 4 had persistent hyperechoic bladder lining. Five of 12 cats with follow-up had a relapse of lower urinary tract signs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Pseudomembranous cystitis was diagnosed mainly in male cats with UO and imaging findings suggestive of mineralization were present in all cases. Frequent negative urine culture suggests a different etiology than encrusting cystitis related to urease-positive bacteria. Good outcomes can be achieved with medical management.
Find similar cases for your pet
PetCaseFinder finds other peer-reviewed reports of pets with the same symptoms, plus a plain-English summary of what was tried across them.
Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37497780/