Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Cytokine changes and cilia function in dog trachea with respiratory
By Priestnall, Simon L et al.·Published in Veterinary immunology and immunopathology·2009·Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, United Kingdom·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Quantification of mRNA encoding cytokines and chemokines and assessment of ciliary function in canine tracheal epithelium during infection with canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV).
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A study found that dogs infected with canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV) showed changes in their immune response, which could make them more vulnerable to respiratory diseases. The virus reduced the levels of important immune signals in the trachea, which are usually responsible for fighting off infections. This could be particularly concerning for dogs entering stressful environments like kennels, where they might be exposed to other illnesses. Understanding these effects can help veterinarians manage and treat respiratory issues in dogs more effectively.
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Abstract
One of the first lines of defence against viral infection is the innate immune response and the induction of antiviral type I interferons (IFNs). However some viruses, including the group 2 coronaviruses, have evolved mechanisms to overcome or circumvent the host antiviral response. Canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV) has previously been shown to have a widespread international presence and has been implicated in outbreaks of canine infectious respiratory disease (CIRD). This study aimed to quantify pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNAs following infection of canine air-interface tracheal cultures with CRCoV. Within this system, immunohistochemistry identified ciliated epithelial and goblet cells as positive for CRCoV, identical to naturally infected cases, thus the data obtained would be fully transferable to the situation in vivo. An assay of ciliary function was used to assess potential effects of CRCoV on the mucociliary system. CRCoV was shown to reduce the mRNA levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-6 and the chemokine IL-8 during the 72 h post-inoculation. The mechanism for this is unknown, however the suppression of a key antiviral strategy during a period of physiologic and immunological stress, such as on entry to a kennel, could potentially predispose a dog to further pathogenic challenge and the development of respiratory disease.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18977539/