Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Dog recovers after severe cyclophosphamide overdose and blood
By Finlay, Jessica Renee et al.Ā·Published in Journal of the American Animal Hospital AssociationĀ·2017Ā·From Perth Veterinary Specialists, AustraliaĀ·View original on PubMed ā
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Original publication title: Recovery from Cyclophosphamide Overdose in a Dog.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A spayed female dog was brought to the vet after accidentally receiving a high dose of cyclophosphamide, a medication often used for cancer treatment. She showed signs of severe illness, including pale gums and bladder bleeding. The vet treated her with antibiotics, blood transfusions, and other medications to help her recover. Thankfully, her blood counts improved significantly within a few weeks, and she made a full recovery without any lasting issues. This case is notable because it involved the highest reported accidental dose of cyclophosphamide that still resulted in a complete recovery.
People also search for: dog cyclophosphamide overdose treatment Ā· dog pale gums and bleeding Ā· dog blood transfusion recovery
Abstract
An adult female spayed dog was evaluated after inadvertently receiving a total dose of 1,750 mg oral cyclophosphamide, equivalent to 2,303 mg/m, over 21 days (days -21 to 0). Nine days after the last dose of cyclophosphamide (day +9), the dog was evaluated at Perth Veterinary Specialists. Physical examination revealed mucosal pallor, a grade 2/6 systolic heart murmur, and severe hemorrhagic cystitis. Severe nonregenerative pancytopenia was detected on hematology. Broad spectrum antibiotics, two fresh whole blood transfusions, granulocyte colony stimulating factor, and tranexamic acid were administered. Five days after presentation (day +14), the peripheral neutrophil count had recovered, and by 12 days (day +21) the complete blood count was near normal. A second episode of thrombocytopenia (day +51) was managed with vincristine, prednisolone, and melatonin. The dog made a complete recovery with no long-term complications at the time of writing. To the author's knowledge, this is the highest inadvertently administered dose of cyclophosphamide to result in complete recovery.
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Search related cases āOriginal publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28535135/