Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Bone loss in a cat with kidney disease and high parathyroid hormone
By Gonzalez, Sara Elizabeth et al.·Published in Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association·2021·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Renal Osteodystrophy due to Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in a Cat.
- Species:
- cat
Plain-English summary
A 6-year-old neutered male mixed-breed cat was brought in for a kidney transplant due to chronic kidney disease. The vet found severe dental disease and significant bone loss in the jaw, which was linked to high levels of parathyroid hormone caused by the kidney issues. To address the dental problems, the cat underwent full mouth extractions before the transplant. After the surgery, the cat's kidney function improved, and he was discharged in good health. Although he showed some mild kidney issues a few months later, his parathyroid hormone levels had decreased significantly.
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Abstract
A 6 yr old neutered male mixed-breed cat presented for renal transplantation (RTx) for chronic kidney disease. Severe periodontal disease was identified, and before initiation of immunosuppressive therapy, a comprehensive oral health assessment and treatment procedure was performed to reduce the burden of existing oral infection. Dental radiography revealed diffuse, severe bone demineralization across the mandible and maxilla, with thinning of the cortices. Nasal turbinates were easily visualized owing to the decreased opacity of maxillary bone. Generalized bone resorption left teeth to appear minimally attached. A Vitamin D panel revealed a severely elevated parathyroid hormone level. Full mouth extractions were performed. Seven days following this procedure, RTx was performed. Serum creatinine concentration was within normal limits by 48 hr after surgery and remained normal until discharge 12 days after RTx. At 3.5 mo after RTx, the cat was mildly azotemic, and the parathyroid hormone level was elevated but significantly decreased from the original measurement. Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a common abnormality in cats with chronic kidney disease. However, clinical manifestations of hyperparathyroidism are rare in this species. This is a novel presentation of a cat demonstrating bone loss in the oral cavity as a result of renal secondary hyperparathyroidism.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34097028/