Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Renal Osteodystrophy due to Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in a Cat.
- Journal:
- Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association
- Year:
- 2021
- Authors:
- Gonzalez, Sara Elizabeth et al.
- Species:
- cat
Plain-English summary
A 6-year-old neutered male mixed-breed cat was brought in for a kidney transplant because he had chronic kidney disease. During the examination, the vet found severe dental disease and performed a thorough dental cleaning to address the infection before starting any medications to suppress his immune system. X-rays showed significant bone loss in his jaw, making his teeth look loose, and tests revealed very high levels of a hormone related to calcium regulation. After removing all of his teeth, the cat underwent the kidney transplant a week later, and his kidney function improved quickly after the surgery. While he showed some mild kidney issues a few months later, his hormone levels were much better than before, indicating that the treatment was successful.
Abstract
A 6 yr old neutered male mixed-breed cat presented for renal transplantation (RTx) for chronic kidney disease. Severe periodontal disease was identified, and before initiation of immunosuppressive therapy, a comprehensive oral health assessment and treatment procedure was performed to reduce the burden of existing oral infection. Dental radiography revealed diffuse, severe bone demineralization across the mandible and maxilla, with thinning of the cortices. Nasal turbinates were easily visualized owing to the decreased opacity of maxillary bone. Generalized bone resorption left teeth to appear minimally attached. A Vitamin D panel revealed a severely elevated parathyroid hormone level. Full mouth extractions were performed. Seven days following this procedure, RTx was performed. Serum creatinine concentration was within normal limits by 48 hr after surgery and remained normal until discharge 12 days after RTx. At 3.5 mo after RTx, the cat was mildly azotemic, and the parathyroid hormone level was elevated but significantly decreased from the original measurement. Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a common abnormality in cats with chronic kidney disease. However, clinical manifestations of hyperparathyroidism are rare in this species. This is a novel presentation of a cat demonstrating bone loss in the oral cavity as a result of renal secondary hyperparathyroidism.
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Search related cases →Original publication: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34097028/