Respiratory pathogens carriage in guinea pigs raised as livestock in Ecuador: A proxy to study a neglected reservoir for zoonotic transmission in the Andean Region.

Abstract

In the Andean region of South America, guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) are raised as livestock in close contact with other domestic animals and humans. Although the susceptibility of guinea pigs to being affected by a wide range of diseases is well known as a laboratory animal model, there are a few reports about the potential role of zoonotic pathogens in livestock guinea pigs. In this work, we analyzed the nasopharyngeal carriage of respiratory pathogenic viruses and bacteria in guinea pigs from farms in Ecuador. We isolated streptococci and aerococci cultures that were analyzed for species identification by MALDI-TOF MS. Several species, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, S. pseudopneumoniae, S. oralies, and S. mitis were found. Moreover, strains resistant to antibiotics like levofloxacin, erythromycin, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim were also found. Our results suggest the role of guinea pigs as a zoonotic reservoir for occupational exposure to respiratory pathogens in the Andean region of South America, where guinea pig farming is an important industry.