Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Signs and outlook for dogs with heart rupture or cancer fluid buildup
By Sugiura, Hiroaki et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001)·2022·DVMs Animal Medical Center Yokohama, Japan·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Retrospective evaluation of clinical signs, clinical course, and prognosis between dogs with left atrial rupture secondary to myxomatous mitral valve disease and those with neoplastic cardiac tamponade (2015-2019): 70 cases.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs with heart problems, specifically 23 dogs diagnosed with left atrial rupture due to myxomatous mitral valve disease, showed serious symptoms like fluid in the lungs and a high risk of sudden death within 48 hours of arriving at the emergency hospital. In comparison, 47 dogs with neoplastic cardiac tamponade (a type of heart fluid buildup due to tumors) had better outcomes, with fewer complications and a lower mortality rate. Unfortunately, many dogs with left atrial rupture did not respond well to treatments like fluid drainage. The study highlights the severity of left atrial rupture in dogs and the need for prompt veterinary care.
People also search for: dog heart problems symptoms · left atrial rupture in dogs · myxomatous mitral valve disease treatment · dog pulmonary edema signs
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical signs, clinical course, and prognosis of suspected left atrial rupture (LAR) secondary to myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) in dogs and to compare them with dogs with suspected neoplastic cardiac tamponade (NCT). DESIGN: Retrospective study from November 2015 to October 2019 SETTING: An out-of-hours Emergency Animal Hospital. ANIMALS: Twenty-three dogs with LAR secondary to MMVD (LAR group) and 47 dogs with NCT (NCT group). INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The following were the characteristics of the study population (LAR group vs NCT groups) with P < 0.05 as the significance threshold: male sex, 83% vs 66%; median age, 11.9 vs 12.5 years; and median weight, 3.8 vs 6.4 kg (P < 0.001). Chihuahuas and Miniature Dachshunds were overrepresented in the LAR and NCT groups, respectively. Statistically different clinical findings between the 2 groups were as follows (LAR vs NCT): pulmonary edema, 43% vs 0%; pericardial thrombus, 70% vs 6% (P < 0.001); ineffectiveness of pericardiocentesis (whether aspiration of pericardial fluid was successful or not), 58% vs 2% (P < 0.001); mortality rate within 48 hours of visiting hospital, 35% vs 9% (P < 0.01). No significant difference was observed in survival time after discharge between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of dogs with a diagnosis of LAR secondary to MMVD in dogs with cardiac tamponade was higher than the previously reported rate. Furthermore, the frequency of pulmonary edema, ineffectiveness of pericardiocentesis, and short-term mortality rate was higher in the LAR group than in the NCT group.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35960167/