Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Acid-base changes in dogs with typical hypoadrenocorticism
By Osborne, Laura G et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001)·2021·Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care, Canada·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Semiquantitative acid-base analysis in dogs with typical hypoadrenocorticism.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of 33 dogs with newly diagnosed Addison's disease (hypoadrenocorticism) were evaluated for their acid-base balance, which can affect their overall health. Most of these dogs showed signs of metabolic acidosis, meaning their bodies were too acidic, and many had a mix of acidifying and alkalinizing processes. This condition can lead to serious health issues if not treated. The study found that a new testing method provided better insights into these dogs' acid-base problems. Treatment for Addison's disease typically involves hormone replacement therapy, which can help stabilize their condition and improve their health.
People also search for: dog Addison's disease symptoms · dog acid-base balance treatment · how to treat Addison's disease in dogs
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe the semiquantitative acid-base status of dogs with untreated naturally occurring typical hypoadrenocorticism and to compare this to the status determined by traditional acid-base analysis. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: University teaching hospital. ANIMALS: Thirty-three dogs with newly diagnosed typical hypoadrenocorticism between 2000 and 2017. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Dogs were included if they had newly diagnosed hypoadrenocorticism, post-ACTH stimulation serum cortisol concentration <2 μg/dL, and blood collected within 6 hours of presentation for acid-base, electrolyte, and serum biochemical assays. Dogs were excluded if the Na:Kratio was ≥28 or the dog had received a mineralocorticoid-containing corticosteroid medication within the preceding month. Traditional acid-base analysis identified normal acid-base status in 1 dog, simple respiratory acid-base abnormalities in 2 of 33 dogs, and simple metabolic acidosis in 14 of 33 dogs. A mixed disorder was most common, noted in 16 of 33 dogs. The semiquantitative approach identified metabolic abnormalities in all cases. All dogs had ≥1 acidifying process, and 29 of 33 had both acidifying and alkalinizing processes. Acidosis attributable to excess free water was present in all dogs, and an acidifying phosphate effect was present in 27 of 33. Hyperlactatemia contributed to the acidosis in 8 of 33 dogs, with a median (range) lactate concentration of 1.5 mmol/L (13.5 mg/dL) (0.3-4.2 mmol/L [2.7-37.8 mg/dL]). CONCLUSIONS: Dogs with untreated Addison's disease have complex acid-base derangements. The semiquantitative approach to acid-base analysis provides greater insight into the underlying mechanisms of metabolic acid-base abnormalities in these dogs, particularly because lactic acidosis appears to be a minor influence in most cases.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33251763/