Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Septic implantation syndrome in dogs and cats: a distinct pattern of endophthalmitis with lenticular abscess.
- Journal:
- Veterinary ophthalmology
- Year:
- 2013
- Authors:
- Bell, Cynthia M et al.
- Affiliation:
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences · United States
Plain-English summary
This study looked at a group of dogs and cats that developed serious eye problems, specifically a type of infection called suppurative endophthalmitis, which involves inflammation inside the eye and can lead to the lens capsule breaking. The researchers examined 20 cats and 46 dogs that had to have one eye removed due to severe conditions like uveitis (inflammation of the eye) or glaucoma (increased pressure in the eye). Most of the animals had these issues for about 5 to 6 weeks, and many had a history of eye trauma, often from cat scratches. The study found that a significant number of these cases had infectious organisms present in the lens of the eye, particularly Gram-positive cocci bacteria. The findings suggest that this condition, which they termed Septic Implantation Syndrome, is linked to trauma and the presence of bacteria inside the lens, and it highlights a specific pattern of eye disease that pet owners should be aware of.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the clinical and pathologic findings in a group of dogs and cats with progressive clinical ocular disease, which were diagnosed with suppurative endophthalmitis and lens capsule rupture. ANIMALS STUDIED: Twenty cats and forty-six dogs that underwent unilateral enucleation or evisceration for intractable uveitis and/or glaucoma. PROCEDURE: Biopsy submission requests and microscopic case material were evaluated for clinical and histological features, including history of ocular trauma, duration of ocular disease, pattern of inflammation, and the presence of intralenticular microorganisms. RESULTS: The median duration for cats and dogs was 6 and 5 weeks, respectively. A history of trauma was reported for four (20%) cats and 18 (39%) dogs. All confirmed cases of trauma-three in cats and 14 in dogs-were caused by a cat scratch. Microscopically, all cases had suppurative endophthalmitis centered on the lens, lens capsule rupture, cataract, and lenticular abscess. Infectious organisms were identified by Gram stain within the lens of 14 (70%) cats and 30 (65%) dogs. Gram-positive cocci were seen most commonly. Male cats were overrepresented as compared to females. There were no apparent gender, age or breed predilections in dogs. CONCLUSIONS: A unique pattern of slowly progressive or delayed-onset endophthalmitis with lens capsule rupture, lenticular abscess, and frequently intralenticular microorganisms is associated with traumatic penetration of the globe and lens capsule. The term Septic Implantation Syndrome (SIS) is favored in lieu of 'phacoclastic uveitis' to avoid confusion with phacolytic uveitis and to clearly implicate the role of intralenticular microorganisms in the pathogenesis.
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Search related cases →Original publication: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22812929/