Seroprevalence of avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) among pullet and layer hens in Northern Thailand.

Abstract

Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) poses a significant global threat to the respiratory and reproductive systems of poultry, yet its prevalence and impact in specific regions, such as northern Thailand, remain understudied. This study is the first comprehensive assessment of aMPV seroprevalence among layer hens in the region. By the application of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), our findings reveal a high overall seroprevalence of 60.78%, with significantly higher rates among post-laying hens (70.87%) compared to pre-laying hens (47.02%). Regional variations were noted, Uttaradit province showing the highest seroprevalence at 74%. Factors such as overcrowded conditions and poor farm hygiene were implied as contributors to increased seropositivity. Comparison with global studies highlights aMPV's endemicity and emphasizes the need for targeted surveillance and biosecurity measures. Migratory birds were inferred as potential vectors, contributing to the spread of aMPV across different regions. This study provides crucial epidemiological data essential for optimizing vaccination strategies and enhancing disease management practices to safeguard poultry health and sustainable production in northern Thailand.