Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Autoantibodies IgA and IgE found in dogs with pemphigus foliaceus
By Bizikova, Petra et al.·Published in Veterinary dermatology·2014·Department of Clinical Sciences, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Serum autoantibody profiles of IgA, IgE and IgM in canine pemphigus foliaceus.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs with a skin condition called pemphigus foliaceus (PF) was tested for specific types of antibodies in their blood. This autoimmune disease causes painful skin lesions, and researchers wanted to see if other antibody types (IgA, IgE, and IgM) were present. They found that only a few dogs had detectable IgA antibodies, while IgE and IgM were not found at all. This suggests that, like in humans with PF, the main immune response in dogs is through IgG antibodies. Understanding these antibody profiles can help veterinarians better diagnose and treat this condition.
People also search for: dog skin problems pemphigus foliaceus · autoimmune skin disease in dogs · dog skin lesions treatment
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is the most common IgG-mediated autoimmune skin disease in dogs. Studies of human PF have revealed the presence of other antigen-specific autoantibody isotypes, thereby uncovering new avenues of investigation of the disease pathomechanism. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: The aim was to obtain information about the autoantibody isotype response in canine PF. METHODS: Sera from 34 dogs with PF were tested for the presence of antikeratinocyte, anti-desmocollin-1 and anti-desmoglein-1 IgA, IgE and IgM using indirect immunofluorescence. RESULTS: Using our indirect immunofluorescence technique, IgA, IgE and IgM autoreactivities were detected in six, one and zero of 34 sera from PF-affected dogs, respectively. Two of the six IgA-positive sera contained antikeratinocyte and anti-desmocollin-1 IgA, while the four remaining sera tested positive either for antikeratinocyte IgA (two of six) or for anti-desmocollin-1 IgA (two of six). A single serum contained anti-desmocollin-1 IgE. None of the six sera from healthy dogs contained detectable IgA, IgE or IgM autoantibodies. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Our findings suggest that sera from dogs with PF rarely contain IgA or IgE autoantibodies at levels detectable by indirect immunofluorescence, while IgM autoreactivity appears not to be a feature of this disease. Considering these findings, it appears that canine PF is aetiologically and immunologically similar to that of the classic human PF, in which the IgG autoantibody response is also the predominant type.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24975693/