Six Evidence-based Recommendations for Perioperative Incisional Care in Plastic Surgery: A Narrative Review.

Abstract

This narrative review examined the current evidence-based practices for perioperative incisional care in class 1 clean wounds within plastic surgery. Despite the critical role of incisional care in preventing surgical site infections and optimizing aesthetic outcomes, clinical practice remains highly variable due to the absence of specialty-specific guidelines and conflicting recommendations from major health organizations. To address this gap, the review synthesized findings from randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and institutional guidelines, including those from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, World Health Organization, National Institutes of Health, and American Society of Plastic Surgeons. The discussion was organized around 6 key areas: (1) antiseptic preparation solutions, (2) wound irrigation solutions, (3) suture materials, (4) topical wound closure strips and adhesives, (5) wound dressings and negative pressure wound therapy, and (6) topical agents. Based on this review, 6 key recommendations were made to support evidence-based decision-making, reduce complications, and improve both clinical and aesthetic outcomes in plastic surgery.