Studies on nanoprotein vaccine alleviating symptoms of mice allergic to rFel d 1.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Globally, cat allergens are a common cause of allergic rhinitis and asthma. Fel d 1 is the primary allergen among cat allergens and can induce a broad range of allergies through airborne transmission. METHODS: In our study, we constructed layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoparticles loaded with PADRE-rFel d 1, aiming to address allergies triggered by Fel d 1. We utilized a mouse model sensitized with purified rFel d 1 and then immunized them subcutaneously with LDH nanoparticles loaded with PADRE-rFel d 1. RESULTS: Our results indicated that this nanoparticle vaccine effectively restored the balance of Th1/Th2 and Th17/ Treg cells, which led to a reduction in inflammatory cell infiltration, mitigated local and systemic stress responses induced by rFel d 1, decreased airway hyperresponsiveness, and lowered serum IgE levels. DISCUSSION: Consequently, the LDH loaded with PADRE-rFel d 1 vaccine shows promise as an effective treatment for cat allergies.