Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Subchondral bone cysts with fractures of the extensor processes in a horse.
- Journal:
- Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
- Year:
- 1991
- Authors:
- Scott, E A et al.
- Affiliation:
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital
- Species:
- horse
Plain-English summary
A Paint gelding horse had a fracture in his front leg due to a likely birth defect in the bone structure of his toes. X-rays and tissue samples showed that he had cysts in the bone near the fracture, which were thought to be linked to a condition called osteochondrosis (a problem with bone and cartilage development). The weak areas in the bone were likely damaged by normal movement, leading to the fracture. The horse underwent surgery to remove the damaged bone fragments to prevent further joint problems, and he recovered quickly. A few months later, he was able to ride comfortably again.
Abstract
Probable cause of fracture in a Paint gelding was a congenital bone defect involving the extensor process area of the right and left forelimb distal phalanges. Radiographically and histologically, subchondral bone cysts at the fracture lines were suspected. These cysts were thought to have developed in association with abnormal ossification centers at the extensor process areas of the third phalanx. Partial avulsion of weak extensor processes would then occur from natural forces exerted on these weakened bony prominences via the common digital extensor tendon. Support for osteochondrosis as a cause of this bone cyst formation was seen in histologic examination of fragments removed. Within the bony trabeculae, a dysplastic focus of cartilage with mineralized plaques and osseous tissues was observed. Findings supported a diagnosis of osteochondrosis, to the extent that the disease is presently understood in horses. Surgical correction by fragment removal was performed to circumvent progression of degenerative joint disease, which was evident as partial cartilage erosion of the distal dorsal articular surface of the second phalanx and fracture fragments. Recovery from surgery was rapid, and several months after surgery, the horse was sound for pleasure riding.
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Search related cases →Original publication: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1787118/