Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Successful multimodal treatment of extreme hypertriglyceridemia in a juvenile diabetic dog.
- Journal:
- Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001)
- Year:
- 2023
- Authors:
- Guarino, Aria L et al.
- Affiliation:
- Blue Pearl Veterinary Partners · United States
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A 7-month-old female Pomeranian weighing 1.2 kg was brought in because she was drinking and urinating a lot and had changes in her eye color. The dog was diagnosed with diabetic ketosis, very high triglycerides (a type of fat in the blood), and inflammation in her eyes. To treat her, the veterinarians used a combination of medications, including fenofibrate and insulin, along with a special low-fat diet and a procedure to remove excess fat from her blood. Within just two days, her triglyceride levels returned to normal, and all her symptoms went away. Six months later, she has not had any further issues with high triglycerides while continuing her diabetes treatment.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe the therapeutic protocol used to normalize severe hypertriglyceridemia in a dog. CASE SUMMARY: A 7-month-old, 1.2-kg female Pomeranian presented with acute polyuria, polydipsia, and ocular discoloration. Diagnoses included diabetic ketosis, severe hypertriglyceridemia (>225 mmol/L [>20,000 mg/dl]), lipemia retinalis, and bilateral uveitis. The triglyceride concentration was near normal within 2 days of initiating treatment with fenofibrate, regular insulin constant rate infusion (CRI), manual therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), and a low-fat diet. All clinical signs resolved. The dog has had no relapse of hypertriglyceridemia at the time of writing the manuscript, 6 months later, with continued treatment of diabetes mellitus. NEW OR UNIQUE INFORMATION PROVIDED: This is the first case report documenting the combination of fenofibrate, insulin CRI, and manual TPE for treatment of severe hyperlipidemia in a dog. Detailed protocols for manual TPE and a novel insulin CRI are provided. A discussion of multiple spurious biochemical and hematologic errors associated with the severe hypertriglyceridemia is also provided.
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Search related cases →Original publication: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36573353/