Surgical fixation of proximal splint bone fractures in horses using a 3.5‐mm LCP: A case series

Abstract

Summary Background Proximal fractures of the small metacarpal/metatarsal bones (splint bones) in horses are less frequent but clinically challenging due to their close association with adjacent joints, ligamentous attachments and the suspensory apparatus. These fractures are frequently comminuted, may involve open wounds and are associated with a risk of joint instability, chronic lameness and poor athletic outcome. Several treatment options have been described. Objectives To describe the surgical technique and clinical outcome of horses with proximal splint bone fractures treated using a 3.5‐mm narrow locking compression plate (LCP). Study Design Retrospective case series. Methods Medical records of horses undergoing internal fixation of proximal splint bone fractures using a 3.5‐mm narrow LCP were reviewed. Data collected included signalment, fracture configuration, imaging findings, surgical technique, postoperative management, complications and short‐ as well as long‐term outcome. Outcome was assessed through clinical re‐examination at the clinic and follow‐up communication with owners and referring veterinarians. Results Seven horses with proximal lateral splint bone fractures were included. Four fractures were open at presentation. Stable fracture fixation was achieved in all cases. No major intra‐operative or early postoperative complications occurred. All horses returned to their intended level of activity within 4–18 months (median 9 months). Implant removal was required in two horses due to persistent lameness, which resolved following additional surgical intervention. Main Limitations The retrospective nature of the study; low case number, no direct comparison with other treatment modalities like conservative versus surgical or between surgical options. Conclusions The use of a 3.5‐mm narrow LCP plate provides a stable fracture fixation for proximal splint bone fractures with no major complications observed, even in open fractures and allowed a return to full function for the cases included in this study.