Tai Chi Interventions for Slowing Cognitive Decline in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Abstract

The objective of this review was to compile randomized controlled trials that examined the effectiveness of tai chi in slowing cognitive decline among individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We limited our review to studies with interventions that lasted at least six months (≥ 24 weeks). Three databases were searched using similar search terms and inclusion/exclusion criteria to identify studies for review. In total, eight randomized controlled trials were included. The inclusion criteria limited the selected articles to RCTs whose patients all had MCI and were at risk for developing cognitive decline. All eight studies revealed that tai chi slows cognitive decline among patients with MCI across various domains, including memory, attention, and global cognition, compared to the control groups. Notably, improvements in patient cognition were consistently observed across studies. Three studies using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment revealed a greater increase in MoCA scores from baseline to follow-up (≥24 weeks) among the tai chi intervention group compared to the non-tai chi control group (0.84, 1.3, and 2.9). Similarly, two studies using the Mini-Mental State Examination found greater cognitive improvements among the tai chi group than in the control group from baseline to follow-up (0.60 and 0.48). In conclusion, this review supports tai chi as a promising intervention for slowing cognitive decline in individuals with MCI. Positive effects were observed across various cognitive assessments. Thus, these findings may help guide patient care strategies and inform clinical models for MCI management.