The effect of propolis and bee pollen on the morphology of central lymphoid organs in broilers in course of natural infection with Salmonella enteritidis.

Abstract

Bee pollen and propolis are commonly used for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes in both humans and animals. This study evaluated their effects on the morphology of central lymphoid organs in broiler chickens. Birds were fed fodder supplemented with 0.025% propolis and/or 0.5% bee pollen during the first two weeks of fattening. Despite a natural, asymptomatic Salmonella enteritidis infection, no significant structural differences were observed in the thymus, spleen, or bursa of Fabricius. However, experimental groups - particularly those receiving propolis or bee pollen - showed signs of enhanced lymphoid activity and epithelial development. These findings suggest a protective and immunostimulatory effect of bee products on lymphoid organs, even during infection.