The emergence of a novel mpox virus strain (clade Ib) in Central Africa: A global public health concern.

Abstract

Monkeypox (mpox) infection gained global attention when it spread outside Africa in 2003. A novel mpox strain was identified in the Central African Republic in 2024. This new variant presents significant clinical and epidemiological differences from previously known strains. The high rate of pediatric infection, shortened incubation period, rapid transmission, unusual symptoms, accelerated disease progression, and higher case fatality rate make this strain a potential public health concern. Current epidemiological data suggest a case fatality rate of approximately 8-10 %, higher than clade II (West African strain). We recommend considering this new mpox strain as a top priority for international healthcare authorities. International health organizations must provide support to nations with fragile healthcare infrastructures. Immediate actions are essential to prevent this emerging variant from escalating into a larger epidemic. Global healthcare organizations should apply lessons learned from previous outbreaks of infectious diseases to mitigate this new threat.