How often fungi are found on healthy cats in rural Meshkin-shahr Iran

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Dermatophytosis is a frequent cutaneous infection affecting the keratinized tissues of humans, pets and livestock. Animals can carry dermatophytic elements asymptomatically and are considered to play an important role in the epidemiology of the disease. As exposure to any infected lesion free animals, especially cats, may lead to the development of infection in humans. OBJECTIVES: This study was done to determine the frequency of fungal agents isolated from skin and hair of cats living in rural areas of Meshkin-shahr, Iran. ANIMALS: A total of 103 asymptomatic cats living in rural areas of the region were studied. METHODS: This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed in Medical Mycology Laboratory, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences from February 2015 to July 2016. A total of 103 asymptomatic cats were studied. Mycological analysis including direct examination and culture on SC, SCC and DTM of the collected samples were conducted. For molecular confirmation when needed, panfungal PCR targeting the ITS1 region of the rDNA gene cluster using primers ITS1 and ITS4 were performed. Gender and age were also recorded. RESULTS: None of the 103 cats examined were positive for fungal elements on direct examination. However, 15 (14.5%) cases showed dermatophytes growth. T. verrucosum was the most common etiologic agents of dermatophytosis. Although the gender of the cats had not significant association with dermatophytosis prevalence, age was a significant influential risk factor (P=0.019). Aspergillus spp., Alternaria spp., Rhizopus spp., Penicillium spp.and paecilomyces spp. in descending frequency were the most predominantly identified saprophytic fungi. CONCLUSION: Our findings clearly highlighted the epidemiological role of asymptomatic cats in spreading dermatophytosis to humans and other animals.