The Otoacoustic Emissions in the Universal Neonatal Hearing Screening: An Update on Selected Asian States (2005 to 2025).

Abstract

<b>Background</b>: Although significant progress has been made in Neonatal Hearing Screening (NHS) over the past two decades, the available data on Universal Neonatal Hearing Screening (UNHS) practices across Asia remain limited. The aim of this scoping review was therefore twofold: (a) to identify and synthesize the most recent literature (within the past 20 years) concerning NHS/UNHS programs in Asian states, and (b) to summarize evidence on screening procedures, the intervention strategies, and the estimated prevalence of congenital hearing loss (HL), with particular attention to cases of bilateral impairment. <b>Methods</b>: In line with previous reports from our group on the screening practices in Europe and in Africa, queries were conducted via the PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases for the time window of 2005-2025. The Mesh terms used were "Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE)", "Universal Neonatal Hearing Screening", "congenital hearing loss", "well babies" and "ASIA", as well as all 50 Asian state names. Only research articles and review papers were considered as good candidates. The standard English language filter was used. <b>Results</b>: To maintain homogeneity in terms of state area and population, the studies conducted in China and India were excluded from this report and will be the focus of a dedicated paper. Data from 31 papers were considered, reflecting the neonatal hearing practices of 17 Asian states, of which in 12, UNHS programs are considered mandatory. <b>Conclusions</b>: The information on the Asian NHS is limited to a low percentage of Asian states. The available data strongly suggest that audiologists and other hearing professionals, involved in regional or national screening initiatives, should collect systematically and disseminate the screening information through peer-reviewed scientific publications. The latter will contribute to a broader understanding of program effectiveness and will facilitate international benchmarking.