Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Dog with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia and brain involvement
By Rochel, Daphné et al.·Published in Veterinary clinical pathology·2018·Department of Biology, France·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Thrombocytosis and central nervous system involvement in a case of canine acute megakaryoblastic leukemia.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A 14-month-old female Poodle mix was diagnosed with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia after showing signs of high platelet counts and abnormal blood cell shapes. This serious condition affected not just her blood but also her liver, spleen, lymph nodes, lungs, kidneys, and brain. Despite the initial findings suggesting a different type of blood disorder, further tests confirmed leukemia due to the increasing number of abnormal cells in her blood over time. Unfortunately, this condition is severe and often challenging to treat, and the outcome for this puppy was not favorable.
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Abstract
This case report presents a 14-month-old female Poodle mix with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia based on a marked thrombocytosis, abnormal platelet morphology, circulating dwarf megakaryocytes, and blast cells in the blood. Bone marrow abnormalities included dysmegakaryopoiesis dygranulopoiesis, and an increased number of blast cells was observed in the blood. Extensive leukemic involvement was also found in the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, lungs, kidneys, and brain. The cytopathologic features of the abnormal circulating cells were highly suggestive of being megakaryocytic in origin, which was supported by negative myeloperoxidase staining and positive von Willebrand factor staining on immunocytochemistry (ICC). The neoplastic cells were also CD61 positive and had variable von Willebrand factor expression on ICC. Although there were only 25% blast cells in the bone marrow, which theoretically supported myelodysplastic syndrome, the hypothesis that this case represented acute myeloid leukemia of megakaryoblastic origin was confirmed by the continuous increase in circulating blast cell numbers during follow-up visits and the extensive leukemic involvement of parenchymal organs.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30024652/