Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
How blood products affect eye antibiotics for dog eye infections
By Kubai, Melissa A et al.·Published in Frontiers in veterinary science·2024·Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Topical blood products modulate the effects of ophthalmic antibiotics against common bacterial pathogens in dogs with infectious keratitis.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A dog with an eye infection called bacterial keratitis was treated with both antibiotics and blood products to help protect its vision. Researchers found that using equine (horse) blood products was more effective than canine (dog) blood products because they had less impact on how well the antibiotics worked. They also discovered that giving the blood product at least 15 minutes after the last antibiotic drop helped reduce the binding of the antibiotic to proteins in the blood, allowing the medicine to work better. This approach could help improve treatment outcomes for dogs with serious eye infections.
People also search for: dog eye infection treatment · bacterial keratitis in dogs · antibiotics for dog eye problems · equine blood products for dogs
Abstract
Bacterial keratitis is a common and serious condition that often leads to vision impairment and potential loss of the eye if not treated promptly and adequately. Topical blood products are often used concurrently with topical antibiotics, helping to mitigate corneal 'melt' from proteases released on the ocular surface. However, blood products are rich in albumin and could affect the efficacy of antibiotics due to drug-protein binding. In this study, serum and plasma samples were harvested from 10 healthy dogs and 10 healthy horses, obtaining fresh and frozen (1 month at -20°C) aliquots forexperiments. Albumin levels were quantified using species-specific ELISA kits. Thirty bacteria (10, 10, 10), isolated from canine patients with infectious keratitis, were each tested with blank plates as well as commercial susceptibility plates (Sensititre™ JOEYE2) to assess the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 17 different antibiotics in the absence (control) or presence of eight test groups: serum or plasma (fresh or frozen) from canines or equines. Albumin concentrations ranged from 13.8-14.6 mg/mL and 25.9-26.5 mg/mL in canine and equine blood products, respectively. A direct antimicrobial effect was observed mostly with equine vs. canine blood products (specifically serum and to a lesser degree plasma), and mostly forisolates. MICs generally increased in the presence of blood products (up to 10.8-fold), although MICs also decreased (down to 0.25-fold) for selected antibiotics and ocular pathogens. Median (range) fold changes in MICs were significantly greater ( = 0.004) with the canine blood products [2 (0.67-8.1)] than the equine blood products [2 (0.5-5)]. In practice, clinicians should consider equine over canine blood products (lesser impact on antimicrobial susceptibility), serum over plasma (greater antimicrobial effects), and administering the blood product ≥15 min following the last antibiotic eyedrop to minimize the amount of albumin-antibiotic binding in tear film.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39071784/