Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Inflammation and immune markers in uterus of dogs with CEH-pyometra
By Kumar, Ajeet et al.·Published in Animal reproduction science·2025·Department of Veterinary Pathology, India·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Transcriptional assessment of pro-inflammatory and immune markers in the endometrium of bitches affected with CEH-Pyometra.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of 20 female dogs, aged 2 to 6 years, were studied for a serious condition called cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra (CEH-pyometra), which can lead to infertility and be life-threatening. The dogs were divided into groups based on whether their cervix was open or closed, with those having a closed cervix showing higher levels of inflammation and immune markers in their uterine tissue. Symptoms included increased white blood cell counts and significant changes in the endometrial tissue. The findings suggest that dogs with closed cervix CEH-pyometra have a more severe inflammatory response. Treatment typically involves surgery to remove the affected uterus, which can help resolve the condition.
People also search for: dog pyometra symptoms · closed cervix pyometra treatment · dog uterine infection signs
Abstract
The canine cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH)-pyometra is one of the prevalent uterine pathological conditions associated with infertility and often turn fatal. The study aimed to investigate pro-inflammatory and immune mediator transcripts in endometrium along with haematological and histopathological evaluation in healthy and clinically diagnosed CEH-pyometra conditions. The current study involved total 20 bitches from various breeds, weighing between 25 and 45 kg and aged 2-6 years. Animals under study were categorised in 3 different groups, HC group (n = 10) as healthy, CP group (n = 6) closed cervix CEH-pyometra and OP group (n = 4) as open cervix CEH-pyometra. Each animal in the study received a standardised clinical evaluation, followed by an ultra-sonographic assessment and vaginal cytology for tentative diagnosis. Blood samples were collected on the day of diagnosis. Endometrial samples were obtained by incising both uterine horns, followed by scraping endometrial part through forceps and subsequently used in evaluation of transcriptional profile. Similarly, uterine samples intended for histopathological examinations were collected by cutting 1 cm² full-thickness area. Significant (P < 0.05) elevations in total leukocyte counts and neutrophilia were reported in the CP group compared to HC group. Histopathological examination revealed marked endometrial glandular hyperplasia, luminal exudation, and neutrophilic infiltration in CEH-pyometra cases, with greater severity in closed-cervix conditions. Endometrial transcript of IL 6, IL-1β, TNF-α and TGF-β1 gene in CP group animals were upregulated in significant (p < 0.001) manner as compared with HC group. The elevated transcripts of pro inflammatory and immune mediators, in particular, highlight their potential roles in the inflammatory response associated with closed cervix CEH-pyometra condition. Notable variation in immunological activity based on cervical patency was evident in our study. The lack of significant rise in these pro-inflammatory markers in open cervix-pyometra condition further indicates possibility of more controlled and resolved inflammatory environment.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40712244/