Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Urinary ACE2 enzyme levels in cats with chronic kidney disease
By Tzu-Chien Kuo et al.·Published in Frontiers in Veterinary Science·2024·Institute of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, CH·View original on DOAJ →
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Original publication title: Urinary angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and its activity in cats with chronic kidney disease
- Species:
- cat
Plain-English summary
A group of cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) showed changes in a specific enzyme in their urine that could indicate kidney damage. Researchers found that the levels of urinary angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (uACE2) were significantly higher in both early and late stages of CKD compared to healthy cats. However, the activity of this enzyme was lower in CKD cats. While these findings suggest that uACE2 levels could reflect kidney health, they did not reliably predict how quickly the disease would progress. Understanding these changes can help veterinarians monitor kidney health in affected cats.
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Abstract
IntroductionAngiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) played an important role in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and it was proved to be renoprotective in renal disease. Urinary angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (uACE2) has been shown to reflect renal injury in human and experimental studies, but its role in feline kidney disease remains unknown.AimsOur objectives involve comparing uACE2 concentrations and activities in cats across CKD stages with healthy controls, investigating the relationship between uACE2 concentrations, activities, and clinicopathological data in feline CKD patients, and assessing the predictive abilities of both for CKD progression.MethodsA retrospective, case–control study. The concentration and activity of uACE2 were measured by commercial ELISA and fluorometric assay kits, respectively. The concentration was adjusted to give uACE2 concentration-to-creatinine ratios (UACCRs).ResultsIn total, 67 cats consisting of 24 control and 43 chronic kidney disease (CKD), including 24 early-stage CKD and 19 late-stage CKD, were enrolled in this study. UACCR values were significantly higher in both early-stage (2.100 [1.142–4.242] x 10−6) and late-stage feline CKD (4.343 [2.992–5.0.71] x 10−6) compared to healthy controls (0.894 [0.610–1.076] x 10−6; p < 0.001), and there was also significant difference between-early stage group and late-stage group (p = 0.026). Urinary ACE2 activity (UAA) was significantly lower in CKD cats (1.338 [0.644–2.755] x pmol/min/ml) compared to the healthy cats (7.989 [3.711–15.903] x pmol/min/ml; p < 0.001). UACCR demonstrated an independent, positive correlation with BUN (p < 0.001), and UAA exhibited an independent, negative correlation with plasma creatinine (p < 0.001). Both UACCR and UAA did not yield significant results in predicting CKD progression based on the ROC curve analysis.Conclusion and clinical importanceuACE2 concentration and activity exhibit varying changes as renal function declines, particularly in advanced CKD cats.
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Search related cases →Original publication on DOAJ: https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1362379