Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Dog treated with charcoal hemoperfusion and dialysis for methotrexate
By Pardo, Mariana et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001)·2018·Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Use of charcoal hemoperfusion and hemodialysis in the treatment of methotrexate toxicosis in a dog.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A 3-year-old American Pit Bull Terrier accidentally swallowed a large amount of methotrexate, a medication that can be very toxic. The dog was treated with a combination of charcoal hemoperfusion and hemodialysis, which helped to quickly remove the drug from its system. Within just three hours, all traces of methotrexate were eliminated, and the dog showed no signs of toxicity during or after the treatment. This approach proved to be very effective in preventing serious health issues related to the overdose.
People also search for: dog methotrexate poisoning treatment · charcoal hemoperfusion for dogs · hemodialysis in dogs
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe the successful use of charcoal hemoperfusion (HP) and hemodialysis (HD) in a dog in the treatment of methotrexate (MTX) toxicosis. CASE SUMMARY: An American Pit Bull Terrier accidentally ingested 56.8 mg/mof MTX. The patient's initial serum MTX concentration was 0.11 μmol/L. At this dosage, myelosuppression and gastrointestinal epithelial necrosis have been reported. Charcoal HP and HD in series were used to enhance elimination of MTX. Serial serum samples were obtained during the session at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes and 12 hours after the session. These were later analyzed for MTX concentrations. Clearance of MTX was 73% and extraction ratio was 63% within the first 30 minutes of HP/HD. A 3-hour session eliminated all detectable traces of MTX. The dog tolerated the session well and did not develop any clinical signs of MTX toxicosis. NEW OR UNIQUE INFORMATION PROVIDED: HP and HD together were highly effective in enhancing elimination of MTX from this patient. The prompt use of extracorporeal techniques decreased toxic concentrations of MTX to safer values, which prevented myelosuppression and gastrointestinal injury. HP and HD in conjunction or in place of traditional therapy may be a viable option for the treatment of acute toxic exposures to MTX.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29727524/