Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Biomarkers to diagnose and manage chronic gut inflammation in dogs
By Sacoor, Carina et al.·Published in Open veterinary journal·2021·University School of Vasco da Gama·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: What are the potential biomarkers that should be considered in diagnosing and managing canine chronic inflammatory enteropathies?
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A dog with chronic gastrointestinal issues lasting over three weeks may be suffering from chronic inflammatory enteropathy, a condition that can be tricky to diagnose. While vets typically rely on a combination of clinical signs and tests, researchers are exploring the use of biomarkers, like calprotectin and calgranulin C, to help identify and manage this condition more effectively. These biomarkers could provide non-invasive ways to monitor the disease and predict how well a dog will respond to treatment. However, it's important to note that no single biomarker can fully determine the severity or progression of the disease, so they should be used alongside traditional diagnostic methods.
People also search for: dog chronic diarrhea treatment · canine inflammatory bowel disease symptoms · dog calprotectin test
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory enteropathies in dogs are characterized by persistent or recurrent gastrointestinal signs that last for more than 3 weeks. Despite unclear etiopathogenesis, it is considered that a genetic predisposition associated with environmental factors, such as dietary antigens and intestinal microbiota, might induce an abnormal immune response in the host. The diagnosis of this condition requires full investigation in order to exclude all other possible causes. Currently, the observation of clinical signs associated with histopathologic evaluation and systematic therapeutic trials is the gold standard for the diagnosis of chronic enteropathies. Furthermore, diagnosis, monitoring the disease progression, and treatment response evaluation can be exhausting, since this whole process is time-consuming, costly, and partially invasive. Therefore, biomarkers appear as non-invasive tools, which can be useful in evaluating gastrointestinal function, identifying the presence of the disease and assessing its natural progression, monitoring gastrointestinal inflammation, predicting response to treatment, and clinical outcomes. Over the past decade, several studies were conducted in order to explore the clinical utility of biomarkers. Thus, the aim of this dissertation is to provide an overview of the biomarkers considered relevant in the diagnosis and management of dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathies. The biomarkers addressed in this study may be serological, present in urine and feces, or even tissue-derived. This study argues that biomarkers, in particular calprotectin and calgranulin C, have great potential to be used in clinical practice in the diagnosis and management of affected dogs. However, a single biomarker cannot assuredly predict disease severity, progression, response to treatment, and clinical outcomes. Therefore, in order to achieve greater accuracy, it would be beneficial if these tools are used in conjunction with contemporary ones. Future research is needed with the aim to better determine the usefulness of these tools in chronic inflammatory enteropathies in dogs.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33614437/