Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Xanthine kidney stones in Cavalier King Charles spaniels family
By van Zuilen, C D et al.·Published in The veterinary quarterly·1997·Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Netherlands·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Xanthinuria in a family of Cavalier King Charles spaniels.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A 7-month-old male Cavalier King Charles spaniel was brought in for urethral obstruction and kidney problems. Tests showed he had high levels of xanthine and hypoxanthine in his urine, which are substances that can form stones and cause blockages. His sister also had similar urine issues, indicating a genetic problem in their family that affects how their bodies process these substances. The condition is linked to a deficiency in an enzyme called xanthine oxidase. Treatment options may include managing the diet to reduce these substances and prevent further complications.
People also search for: Cavalier King Charles spaniel kidney stones · dog urethral obstruction treatment · xanthinuria in dogs
Abstract
Xanthine calculi were found in a 7-month-old male Cavalier King Charles spaniel with urethral obstruction and renal insufficiency. Because the only two other reported cases of naturally occurring xanthine urolithiasis concerned a Cavalier King Charles and a King Charles spaniel the urine of the littermates and parents of the patient were also examined for xanthinuria. Semi-quantitative analysis revealed high urine concentrations of hypoxanthine and xanthine in the patient and his female littermate. Quantitative analysis by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) of the urine samples from the family of this Cavalier King Charles spaniel and nine control dogs revealed that hypoxanthine and xanthine excretion was 30 and 60 times higher in the affected patient and the female littermate than in the others dogs. The pattern of xanthinuria, which is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme xanthine oxidase, in the relation diagram of this family of Cavalier King Charles Spaniels was consistent with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9413115/