Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Xanthogranulomatous keratitis causing eye cloudiness in a mixed-breed
By Bergen, Alexandra et al.·Published in Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association·2024·College of Veterinary Medicine, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Xanthogranulomatous keratitis in a mixed-breed dog.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
An 11-year-old spayed female mixed-breed dog was brought in for mild squinting, cloudy eyes, and redness in the eye area. After a month of trying various medications, including antibiotics and anti-inflammatories, her condition didn’t improve, so the vet performed surgery to remove the affected corneal tissue. A week later, the diagnosis was confirmed as xanthogranulomatous keratitis, a type of eye inflammation. The dog was treated with special eye drops and ointment, and after two months, the drops were reduced. One year later, there were no signs of the condition returning.
People also search for: dog eye problems · mixed-breed dog corneal surgery · xanthogranulomatous keratitis treatment
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical and histopathological features of a case of xanthogranulomatous keratitis in a mixed-breed dog. ANIMAL: Mixed-breed dog. CLINICAL PRESENTATION, PROGRESSION, AND PROCEDURES: An 11-year-old spayed female mixed-breed dog was presented for mild blepharospasm, corneal cloudiness, and increasing conjunctival hyperemia OD. Ophthalmic examination revealed multifocal pink and cream-colored consolidated corneal infiltrative lesions and generalized neovascularization with suspected diagnosis of stromal abscessation. There was no improvement after 1 month of medical management, so a keratectomy was performed, and corneal tissue was sent for histopathological evaluation. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: The nonulcerative keratitis was refractive to medical management including topical and systemic antibiotics, topical antifungal, and systemic anti-inflammatory, so keratectomy was performed. Histopathologic diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous keratitis was made 1 week postoperatively. The patient was prescribed 0.05% difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion and 0.2% tacrolimus ophthalmic ointment (initially q 8 h, OD). The difluprednate was tapered and discontinued after 2 months, but the tacrolimus was continued (q 12 h, OD). No lesion recurrence had been documented 1 year postoperatively. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: There has been little published on canine xanthogranulomas, especially in veterinary ophthalmology. Ocular xanthogranulomas have been reportedly found intraocularly and at the ocular surface. Histologically, they are characterized by well-delineated nodules that contain histiocytes and abundant lipid-laden macrophages. The treatment in this clinical case was surgical excision followed with topical immunosuppression/anti-inflammatory therapy with no recurrence 1 year postoperatively. Xanthogranulomatous keratitis should be an added differential diagnosis when nonulcerative keratitis is found on examination, specifically with consolidated, corneal infiltrate and minimal pain.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38266392/