Dog kidney dysplasia causing drinking and urination issues

Abstract

The renal dysplasia consists of an abnormal development of the renal parenchyma and stroma, which gives it a whitish appearance and irregular surface, whitish color and firm consistency to the touch. Microscopically, the renal tubules have an adenomatous appearance, with the presence of immature or fetal glomeruli and tubules, primitive mesenchymal tissue with a myxomatous appearance and interstitial fibrosis. The renal dysplasia is considered a congenital and hereditary disease, mainly described in breeds such as Alaskan Malamute, Chow Chow, Golden Retriever, Lhasa Apso, Shih-Tzu, Miniature Schnauzer, Soft-Coated Wheaten Terrier and Standard Poodle. Dogs affected by the disease present polydipsia, polyuria, anorexia, vomiting, lethargy and weight loss. With disease progresses, secondary renal hyperparathyroidism and fibrous osteodystrophy may develop. In this case report, we describe a six-month-old Golden Retriever dog with a history of polydipsia, polyuria and growth retardation. A complete blood count, serum chemistry, urinalysis, abdominal ultrasound and ultrasound-guided percutaneous renal biopsy were requested, which were essential for establishing the diagnosis of renal dysplasia.