Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Testing a new gene target for diagnosing B cell tumors in dogs
By Takanosu, Masamine & Kagawa, Yumiko·Published in Veterinary immunology and immunopathology·2022·Nasunogahara Animal Clinic, Japan·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: A clonality assay in canine B cell tumors targeting the immunoglobulin light chain lambda locus.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A study looked at dogs with different types of B cell tumors, including diffuse large B cell lymphomas and cutaneous plasmacytomas, to see if a specific test could help identify cancerous cells. The test focused on a part of the immune system called the immunoglobulin light chain lambda locus. Out of 23 dogs with diffuse large B cell lymphoma, 20 showed signs of cancer, while only 8 out of 30 with skin tumors did. This suggests that the test is very effective for diagnosing lymphoma but less so for skin tumors.
People also search for: dog lymphoma diagnosis · canine B cell tumor treatment · cutaneous plasmacytoma in dogs
Abstract
Clonality assays for antigen receptor rearrangement have been used as adjunct examinations of lymphoproliferative diseases. These assays have been useful for differentiation between inflammation and clonal expansion of lymphocytes. Whereas the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) and immunoglobulin light chain kappa (IGK) loci have been targeted in canine clonality assays previously, the immunoglobulin light chain lambda gene (IGL) locus has not yet been investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of clonality assays in dogs using IGL. Canine diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL), cutaneous plasmacytomas, and pathologically diagnosed lymph nodes without lymphoma, were used in this study. Genomic DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded sections. Sequences of IGLV and IGLJ were obtained from the ImMunoGeneTics database. Several primers against IGLVs and IGLJs were designed in the regions showing homology, by alignment of the gene segments. Products of polymerase chain reaction were analyzed on a capillary electrophoresis. In total, 20 of 23 cases of DLBCL showed clonality (87.0 %), whereas 8 of 30 cutaneous plasmacytomas were clonal (26.7 %). One of 23 lymph nodes without lymphoma showed clonality, thus the specificity was 95.7 %. These data indicate that the IGL locus could be a target for canine clonality assays and that the sensitivity of IGL-based clonality assays in cutaneous plasmacytomas was lower than that in DLBCL.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36191469/