Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Leptin and adiponectin levels in dogs with pituitary
By Kim, H et al.·Published in Domestic animal endocrinology·2021·Veterinary Teaching Hospital and College of Veterinary Medicine, South Korea·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: A preliminary evaluation of the circulating leptin/adiponectin ratio in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism and concurrent diabetes mellitus.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH) and diabetes mellitus (DM) were studied to understand how certain blood proteins might affect their health. The researchers found that dogs with PDH had higher levels of leptin (a protein linked to fat storage) and lower levels of adiponectin (a protein that helps regulate blood sugar) compared to healthy dogs. This imbalance in the leptin/adiponectin ratio was particularly pronounced in dogs with both PDH and DM. These findings suggest that dogs with PDH may be more likely to develop diabetes due to changes in their insulin sensitivity and pancreatic function. Further studies are needed to explore these connections.
People also search for: dog diabetes treatment · pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism symptoms · leptin levels in dogs
Abstract
Leptin and adiponectin are thought to modulate insulin sensitivity and pancreatic β-cell function, but there is limited information regarding the adipokine status of hyperglycemic dogs with hyperadrenocorticism. This study aimed to determine whether alterations in the leptin/adiponectin ratio, insulin sensitivity, and/or pancreatic β-cell function are associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH). A total of 48 client-owned dogs were included in this prospective observational study: 20 dogs with PDH (10 normoglycemic and 10 with DM), 15 dogs with DM, and 13 healthy dogs. The serum concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, resistin, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured, and homeostatic model assessment indices (HOMAs) were calculated and compared among the groups. Serum leptin was significantly higher in PDH dogs with and without DM than in healthy and DM dogs, and it was lower in DM dogs than in PDH dogs without DM. Serum adiponectin was significantly lower in PDH dogs with DM than in healthy and PDH dogs, and it was significantly lower in DM dogs than in healthy dogs. Serum IL-10 was significantly higher in PDH dogs with DM than in healthy and PDH dogs without DM. The leptin/adiponectin ratio was significantly higher in PDH dogs with DM than in normoglycemic PDH dogs. Serum IL-6 concentrations were significantly higher in DM dogs than in healthy dogs. Serum IL-1β concentration was significantly higher in DM dogs than in healthy dogs and PDH dogs with DM and without DM. Serum TNF-α and IL-18 concentrations were not different among groups. The HOMAwas significantly lower in PDH dogs with DM than in normoglycemic PDH dogs, while HOMAwas significantly lower in PDH dogs with DM than in healthy dogs. These results suggest that adipokine dysregulation, a reduction in insulin sensitivity, and a further impairment in pancreatic β-cell function might predispose PDH dogs to DM. Further longitudinal study will be necessary to confirm this result.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32920447/