Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Dog with negative DEA 1 antigen developed antibodies after weakly
By Guidetti, Maryline et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary internal medicine·2019·Dianov Laboratories, France·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Alloimmunization of a dog erythrocyte antigen 1- dog transfused with weakly dog erythrocyte antigen 1+ blood.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A DEA 1-negative dog experienced a serious reaction after receiving blood from a weakly DEA 1-positive donor during a transfusion. Over the course of 4.5 years, the dog developed strong antibodies against the donor's blood type, which could lead to complications in future transfusions. This case highlights the importance of blood typing and crossmatching dogs before transfusions to prevent adverse reactions. The dog’s condition was monitored closely, and it was found that the sensitization remained significant long after the transfusions.
People also search for: dog blood transfusion reaction · DEA 1 blood type dog · dog blood transfusion safety
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Acute hemolytic transfusion reactions because of dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA) 1 sensitization after mismatched transfusions are serious complications. Dog erythrocyte antigen 1 expression varies from negative to weakly to strongly positive. OBJECTIVES: To assess alloimmunization after transfusion of weakly DEA 1+ blood to a DEA 1- dog. ANIMALS: One DEA 1- recipient and 1 weakly DEA 1+ donor, and 106 control dogs. METHODS: Long-term follow-up study. Matched for DEA 3, 4, 5, and 7, Dal, and Kai 1 and 2, weakly DEA 1+ donor packed red blood cells (RBCs) were transfused 3 times (0.45 mL/kg at Day 0, 16, and 37) to a DEA 1- recipient. Alloantibodies against RBCs from donor and 106 controls were determined in recipient's plasma samples using a commercial antiglobulin-enhanced immunochromatographic strip and gel tube crossmatches. Alloantibody titers were determined. RESULTS: The DEA 1- recipient was sensitized after 16 days to ≥1657 days after transfusion to weakly DEA 1+ and otherwise matched RBCs. Strong to moderate crossmatch incompatibilities were observed between recipient's plasma and all 61 DEA 1+ crossmatched controls. Moderate to weak incompatibilities were also observed to DEA 1- controls. Anti-DEA 1 and other alloantibodies were detected over the 4.5 year observation period. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Blood from a weakly DEA 1+ donor induces a strong and durable alloimmunization in a DEA 1- recipient dog. Additional alloantibodies developed against yet to be defined RBC antigens. Those results support the recommendation of typing dogs against DEA 1, considering weakly DEA 1+ as immunogenic, and crossmatching all previously transfused dogs.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31361062/