Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Canine visceral leishmaniasis case study in Niteroi Brazil
By Oliveira, Amanda Codeço de et al.·Published in Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo·2015·Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Brazil·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: CANINE VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS CASE INVESTIGATION IN THE JACARE REGION OF NITEROI, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs in Jacaré, Niterói, Brazil, was tested for a serious disease called visceral leishmaniasis after one dog showed symptoms. Out of 110 dogs examined, 17 were found to have the disease, which is spread by insects and can be serious for pets. The study found that dogs with signs of illness, those living with other infected dogs, and those with parasites were more likely to test positive. This suggests that the disease is spreading in the area, and pet owners should be aware of the risks and symptoms.
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Abstract
American visceral leishmaniasis is a vector-borne zoonosis in expansion in Brazil. Dogs are the main urban reservoir. Departing from a case of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in Jacaré, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro State, an epidemiological canine and entomological study was performed to assess the extension of the disease at the location. Sample was collected around the case and the dogs identified by serological tests (rapid double platform immunochromatographic exams, immunoenzymatic assay/ELISA, indirect immunofluorescence/IFAT). The parasitological diagnosis was performed in animals positive in at least one of these tests. The entomological study was carried out by using light traps and manual collection. The associations between canine variables and outcome (ELISA and IFAT reagents) were assessed by the chi-square test and adjusted by multivariate logistic regression for those associations with p < 0.1 in the bivariate analysis. Seventeen cases of CVL were detected among 110 evaluated dogs (prevalence of 15.5%). Presence of ectoparasites (OR 6.5; 95% CI 1.1-37.4), animals with clinical signs (OR 9.5; 95% CI 1.2-76.6), and previous cases of CVL in the same house (OR 17.9; 95% CI 2.2-147.1) were associated with the outcome. Lutzomyia longipalpis was not detected. Our results are indicative of an ongoing transmission in the area.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26422157/