Chemical characterization and improvement property of Hydnocarpus wightianus-synthesized iron nanoparticles on lung infection in mice model.

Abstract

Lung infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa multi-drug resistant strains have become much more common, mostly due to the relative paucity of efficient chemotherapeutic approaches. In an in vivo environment, this work showed the potent anti-infectious qualities of iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) made with an aqueous extract of Hydnocarpus wightianus. To ascertain the potentials of the FeNPs provided by the reaction of an iron salt solution with the Hydnocarpus wightianus, we used UV-Vis, FE-SEM, XRD, FT-IR, and TEM. The vibration bands at 491 and 541 cm^-1 in the FT-IR are linked to the Fe-O bonds. The FE-SEM and TEM resultant pictures indicated a spherical form with an average size of 48.14 nm. The findings of the XRD study revealed prominent peaks at 38.3, 44.3, and 64.5 angles. Additionally, XRD testing revealed that the generated nanoparticles had an average diameter of 30.54 nm and were nanosized. The UV-Vis spectra with an absorption peak at 295 nm were reported in this study. In an in vivo research, the P. aeruginosa lethal dose is determined in mice, and 48 h after infection, the clinical signs, including bacteremia, hypothermia, and weight loss, are examined. The infected mice physical symptoms showed a significant decrease in body temperature and a 25% weight loss at the study end. Additionally, the FeNPs efficacy on lung infection generated with the estimated lethal dosage was assessed using bacteremia, radiographic, and histological investigation. The bacterial load was lower on day seven than it was on day one. The infiltrates were observed in all infected animals lung segments, and histological data indicated a patchy accumulation and more extensive inflammatory cells in the alveolar area. Better lung histology was indicated by the fact that exudate accumulation was reduced in the animal group that received the iron nanoparticle treatment. The study clearly shows that FeNPs (100 µg/kg) are efficient in P. aeruginosa-caused lung infections. The current effort aims to better use the FeNPs biological characteristics to develop a potent regimen for this harmful bacteria.