Effect of Cu Nanoparticles Green-Formulated Using Allium sativum Extract Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Mice Lung Infection Model.

Abstract

Due mostly to the relative lack of effective chemotherapeutic methods, the lung infection incidence by Pseudomonas aeruginosa that are categorized as multi-drug resistant has significantly raised. This study demonstrated the strong antioxidant and anti-infectious properties of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) made using an aqueous extract of Allium sativum in vivo. We employed FE-SEM, UV-Vis, XRD, EDX, and TEM to determine the characteristics of the CuNPs that were created when an aqueous extract of Allium sativum reacted with a copper nitrate solution. The fatal dosage of P. aeruginosa is assessed in mice as part of an in vivo investigation, and the clinical manifestations-such as bacteremia, hypothermia, and weight loss-are analyzed 48 h after infection. Infected mice's body temperature significantly decreased from 38.8 °C (0 h) to 32.5 °C (at 48 h), and after the trial, a 20% weight loss was noted. In comparison to day 1, when the bacterial burden was determined to be 1.5 Log10CFU/mL, the bacterial burden was 0.1 Log10CFU/mL on day 8, indicating a considerable decrease. According to histopathological findings, there was a more widespread and patchy buildup of alveolar space inflammatory cells, and infiltrates were seen in every lung segment of the infected animals. At 100 µg/kg, the research unequivocally states that the CuNPs is efficient on P. aeruginosa-induced lung infections. The lung infection histopathological scores of the group treated by the CuNPs were 0, 0, 1, and 1 related to the alveoli distortion and degeneration, inflammatory cell infiltration, congestion, and inflammatory cell infiltration, respectively. Following human clinical trials, the newly developed green-formulated copper particles may be administrated as a novel anti-infectious medication or dietary supplement.