Comparative clinical efficiency of resveratrol, allopurinol, and resveratrol plus allopurinol in canine visceral leishmaniasis.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical and immunological effectiveness of resveratrol alone or combined with allopurinol for treating canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). METHODS: This study included 50 dogs, 30 diagnosed with CVL and 20 healthy controls. Dogs were classified based on their treatment regime (receiving resveratrol [200 mg/dog/d] and/or allopurinol [10 mg/kg/d]). Clinical scores, anti-leishmanial antibody titers, and routine blood parameters were evaluated on days 0, 15, and 30 after treatment. RESULTS: Dogs treated with the combination therapy showed the most substantial improvements, with a 75.77% reduction in clinical scores and an 81.25% reduction in antibody titers. Dogs receiving allopurinol exhibited a 56.25% reduction in clinical scores, while those treated with resveratrol showed a 42.82% reduction. Antibody titers were less significantly reduced in the resveratrol group (67.5%) compared to the allopurinol group (45%). CONCLUSIONS: Combining resveratrol with allopurinol enhances the therapeutic efficacy for CVL, leading to significant clinical improvements and reductions in antibody titers. Resveratrol alone also demonstrates promising anti-leishmanial effects. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Resveratrol, either alone or in combination with allopurinol, offers a feasible and effective alternative for improving clinical outcomes in CVL. Its incorporation into standard protocols may enhance treatment strategies in veterinary medicine.