How a new dog urine test compares to routine protein tests

Abstract

BACKGROUND: It has been speculated that renal disease can be identified through the detection and quantification of microalbuminuria, however, reliable measurement of albuminuria in any quantity can be challenging. Recently, a new point-of-care immunoassay was validated for the specific detection of microalbuminuria and early renal disease in dogs. OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to determine if measurement of microalbuminuria by the point-of-care immunoassay correlated with results from routine semiquantitative methods for detecting proteinuria in dogs. METHODS: One hundred and thirty-eight urine samples, from 133 different dogs, submitted for urinalysis to the Clinical Pathology Laboratory at the University of Missouri-Columbia Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital were eligible for the study. Samples that contained >20 RBC/high power field (hpf) or >20 WBC/hpf were excluded, as were samples with insufficient volume to complete all tests. All samples were evaluated with a urinary dipstick with or without a sulfosalicylic acid turbidimetric test, a urine protein:creatinine (UPC) ratio, and the immunoassay for microalbuminuria. Data were analyzed by the Spearman rank order correlation. RESULTS: Microalbuminuria results correlated significantly with those of the dipstick (r = 0.715), sulfosalicylic acid test (r = 0.742), and UPC ratio (r = 0.830). Correlation between the immunoassay and UPC ratio was the same (r = 0.830) when only samples with trace or 1+ proteinuria by dipstick were analyzed (n = 51). CONCLUSIONS: The point-of-care immunoassay results for microalbuminuria correlated with the results of semiquantitative methods for detecting total proteinuria in dogs. Routine methods for canine proteinuria appear to be adequate for determining whether further testing for renal disease is warranted.