Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Accuracy of five rapid tests for canine leishmaniosis in Spain
By Villanueva-Saz, Sergio et al.·Published in Acta tropica·2022·Veterinary Faculty, Spain·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Evaluation of five different rapid immunochromatographic tests for canine leishmaniosis in Spain.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs in Spain were tested for canine leishmaniosis, a disease caused by parasites, using different rapid tests to see which worked best. The tests were given to healthy dogs and those showing signs of illness, with some tests showing very high accuracy in detecting the disease. The FASTest LEISH test had the highest sensitivity, meaning it was very good at identifying dogs with the disease, while the Uranotest Leishmania and DFV Test Leishmania showed the best specificity, meaning they were good at confirming healthy dogs. The study suggests that improving these tests could help with early diagnosis and treatment of canine leishmaniosis.
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Abstract
Canine leishmaniosis is a vector-borne disease caused by Leishmania parasites. Serological methods are the most common tests used for the diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate and compare different serological commercial immunochromatographic rapid tests available in Spain to detect anti-Leishmania canine antibodies. The immunochromatographic tests were evaluated in different groups of dogs (healthy seronegative dogs (n = 21), naturally-sick dogs with moderate anti-Leishmania antibodies (n = 39), naturally-sick dogs with high anti-Leishmania antibodies (n = 37), dogs with the serological result of other pathogens infection (n = 20) and exposed dogs (n = 33)) admitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Zaragoza (Spain) according to the clinical information sent with the sample to the laboratory for diagnostic purposes. The serology status was also routinely recorded through an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and an in-house indirect immunofluorescence test (IFAT). The qualitative commercial serological immunochromatographic tests used were: FASTest LEISH, Uranotest Leishmania, Uranotest Leishmania 2.0, Speed Leish K, Witness Leishmania, and DFV Test Leishmania. Performance measures analyzed for each test were: sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver-operating (ROC) curve. The maximum specificity (1.00) was attained for Uranotest Leishmania and DFT Test Leishmania, followed by FASTest LEISH (0.98), Uranotest Leishmania 2.0 (0.98), Speed Leish K (0.98), and Witness Leishmania (0.95). The maximum sensitivity was attained for FASTest LEISH (1.00), followed by Uranotest 2.0 (0.97), Speed Leish K (0.97), Uranotest (0.96), and the lowest results with Witness (0.84) and DFV Test (0.59). Regarding the ROC curve, the maximum value was attained with the FASTest LEISH (0.99), followed by Uranotest (0.98), Uranotest 2.0 (0.97), Speed Leish K (0.97), Witness (0.90), and the lowest result with DFV Test (0.79). Efforts in the field of diagnosis should focus on establishing a commercial immunochromatographic test with high sensitivity and specificity with a reasonable cost-benefit balance.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35181302/