Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Side effects of mitoxantrone and dacarbazine chemo in dogs
By Intile, Joanne L et al.·Published in Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association·2019·From the Department of Clinical Sciences, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Evaluation of the Tolerability of Combination Chemotherapy with Mitoxantrone and Dacarbazine in Dogs with Lymphoma.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs with lymphoma that didn't respond to previous chemotherapy treatments were given a combination of two drugs, mitoxantrone and dacarbazine, to see if it would help. Out of 44 dogs treated, about 34% showed a positive response, with some dogs experiencing a remission lasting up to 636 days. While there were some serious side effects like low white blood cell counts in 18% of the dogs, most tolerated the treatment well with minimal gastrointestinal issues. This combination therapy appears to be a safe and effective option for dogs with resistant lymphoma.
People also search for: dog lymphoma treatment options · mitoxantrone for dogs · dacarbazine side effects in dogs
Abstract
Combination chemotherapy can be an effective option for treating resistant lymphoma in dogs. This retrospective study examined the tolerability and efficacy of the combination of 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)-imidazole-4-carboxamide (dacarbazine) (DTIC) in a population of dogs with lymphoma resistant to a doxorubicin-containing chemotherapy protocol. Mitoxantrone was administered at 5 mg/mIV over 10 min followed by DTIC at 600 mg/mIV over 5 hr, every 3 wk. All dogs were treated with prophylactic trimethoprim-sulfadiazine and metoclopramide. The frequency of grade 4 neutropenia was 18%, and 5% of dogs were hospitalized from sepsis. Gastrointestinal toxicity was uncommon. The overall response rate was 34% (15 of 44; 95% confidence interval 20-48%) for a median duration of 97 days (range 24-636 days, 95% confidence interval 44-150 days). Fourteen of 15 dogs who received mitoxantrone and DTIC as first rescue responded to treatment. Dogs who achieved complete remission to their initial L-asparaginase, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy protocol were more likely to respond to mitoxantrone and DTIC (23 versus 11%, P = .035). The combination of mitoxantrone and DTIC is a safe treatment option for resistant lymphoma in dogs.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30653362/