Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Protein-losing kidney disease linked to NPHS1 and KIRREL2 mutations
By Littman, Meryl P et al.Ā·Published in Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome SocietyĀ·2013Ā·Department of Clinical Studies, United StatesĀ·View original on PubMed ā
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Original publication title: Glomerulopathy and mutations in NPHS1 and KIRREL2 in soft-coated Wheaten Terrier dogs.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A 6-year-old soft-coated Wheaten Terrier was diagnosed with a serious kidney condition called protein-losing nephropathy, which causes the dog to lose protein through urine. Researchers found specific genetic mutations in the dog's DNA that are linked to this kidney disease. These mutations were not found in other breeds, suggesting a unique genetic risk for Wheaten Terriers. Understanding these genetic factors can help veterinarians better manage and treat affected dogs.
People also search for: soft-coated Wheaten Terrier kidney disease Ā· protein-losing nephropathy in dogs Ā· dog genetic kidney problems
Abstract
Dogs of the soft-coated wheaten terrier breed (SCWT) are predisposed to adult-onset, genetically complex, protein-losing nephropathy (average onset age = 6.3 ± 2.0 years). A genome-wide association study using 62 dogs revealed a chromosomal region containing three statistically significant SNPs (p(raw) ≤ 4.13 × 10(-8); p(genome) ≤ 0.005) when comparing DNA samples from affected and geriatric (≥14 years) unaffected SCWTs. Sequencing of candidate genes in the region revealed single nucleotide changes in each of two closely linked genes, NPHS1 and KIRREL2, which encode the slit diaphragm proteins nephrin and Neph3/filtrin, respectively. In humans, mutations in nephrin and decreased expression of Neph3 are associated with podocytopathy and protein-losing nephropathy. The base substitutions change a glycine to arginine in the fibronectin type 3 domain of nephrin and a proline to arginine in a conserved proline-rich region in Neph3. These novel mutations are not described in other species, nor were they found in 550 dogs of 105 other breeds, except in 3 dogs, including an affected Airedale terrier, homozygous for both substitutions. Risk for nephropathy is highest in dogs homozygous for the mutations (OR = 9.06; 95 % CI = 4.24-19.35). This is the first molecular characterization of an inherited podocytopathy in dogs and may serve as a model for continued studies of complex genetic and environmental interactions in glomerular disease.
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Search related cases āOriginal publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23325127/