Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Blood test differences in dogs with CD45T lymphoma compared to other
By Sánchez-Solé, Rosina et al.·Published in Open veterinary journal·2021·nicas y Hospital Veterinario·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Hematological and biochemical profiles of canine CD45T lymphomas are different from other immunophenotypes.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs diagnosed with multicentric lymphoma, a type of cancer affecting the lymphatic system, showed different survival rates based on the type of lymphoma they had. In this study, 47 dogs were examined, and those with a specific type called LTCD45 had a longer average survival of about 641 days, compared to 166 days for those with B-cell lymphoma and just 62 days for another type. The dogs with LTCD45 also had higher lymphocyte levels and gamma globulin levels, which may indicate a more aggressive form of the disease. Monitoring certain blood values, like lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), can help predict how long a dog might live after diagnosis.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Canine multicentric lymphomas are lymphoproliferative malignancies that have increased in recent decades. The patient's treatment and prognosis are determined by the grade, histological type, and lymphoma immunophenotyping. AIM: To investigate the paraclinical signs and survival time in canines with different lymphoma immunophenotypes. METHODS: Over 2 and a half years, 47 untreated dogs were diagnosed with multicentric lymphoma at the Veterinary School Hospital of Uruguay. The disease was clinically and cytologically diagnosed, and immunophenotyping was determined by flow cytometry. After the immunophenotyping, most of the patients were grouped into the following: B (LB), T aggressive (LTCD45), or T-zone lymphoma (LTCD45). The patients' haematological values, calcemia, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, and plasmatic electrophoretic profiles were all determined immediately after that. RESULTS: Of all canine lymphomas, 55.3% were B, 31.9% were LTCD45, and 10.6% were TCD45. Only 2.2% were classified as nonB/nonT, and survival time differed between groups. Patients with LTCD45lymphomas had a mean life span of 641 days after diagnosis, followed by LB (166 days) and LTCD45(62 days). Red blood cell count, hematocrit, and hemoglobin levels did not differ between groups. However, the LTCD45group had significantly higher lymphocyte levels than the LTCD45and LB groups (= 0.01 and 0.006, respectively). Levels of albumin, alpha-1, and alpha-2 globulins did not differ between groups. On the other hand, gamma globulins levels in the LTCD45were higher than in the other lymphoma groups. The presence of hypercalcemia and high plasma LDH levels were associated with patient severity. Only the TCD45group had hypercalcemia although both the LB and TCD45groups had elevations in LDH activity. Interestingly, there was a direct relationship between high LDH values (greater than 500 IU/l) and lower survival in TCD45lymphomas. CONCLUSION: Survival time and hematological and biochemical patterns differed among canine lymphomas immunophenotypes. Patients of LTCD45phenotype showed higher lymphocyte counts and gamma globulin levels and more prolonged survival. Serum LDH activity may provide additional prognostic information in high-grade T-cell lymphoma.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35070871/