Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
IgE allergy to yeast and mites in dogs with atopic dermatitis
By Ishimaru, Hironobu et al.·Published in Veterinary immunology and immunopathology·2020·Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Japan·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: IgE sensitivity to Malassezia pachydermatis and mite allergens in dogs with atopic dermatitis.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs with atopic dermatitis (skin allergies) was studied to see how many were sensitive to a yeast called Malassezia pachydermatis and house dust mites. Out of 15 dogs with non-food-induced atopic dermatitis, 60% showed sensitivity to the yeast, while only 16% of the 37 dogs with food-induced atopic dermatitis were sensitive. Additionally, 80% of the non-food group reacted to house dust mites compared to just 22% in the food group. This suggests that dogs with non-food-induced allergies are more likely to develop sensitivities to these allergens, highlighting the need for treatments that reduce skin irritation and yeast growth in these pets.
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Abstract
In this study, dogs with atopic dermatitis were separated into non-food-induced atopic dermatitis (NFIAD) group (n = 15) and food-induced atopic dermatitis (FIAD) group (n = 37) based on an elimination diet test. IgE reactivity for crude Malassezia pachydermatis (M. pachydermatis) and house dust mites (HDM) allergen extracts was investigated in the two groups using fluorometric enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and intradermal skin test (IDST). Nine (60%) of the 15 dogs in NFIAD group and 6 (16%) of the 37 dogs in FIAD group showed specific IgE for M. pachydermatis (Mann-Whitney U-test, P < 0.01). By immunoblotting analysis, the pooled serum samples from dogs with IgE for M. pachydermatis showed IgE reactivity for 50 kDa protein of M. pachydermatis. Twelve (80%) of the 15 dogs in NFIAD group and 8 (22%) of the 37 dogs in FIAD group showed specific IgE for HDM (Mann-Whitney U-test, P < 0.01). In addition, the dogs in NFIAD group significantly show a positive IDST to M. pachydermatis and HDM extracts compared with the dogs in FIAD group. The results suggest that dogs with NFIAD are at increased risk of becoming sensitized to the normal commensal organism M. pachydermatis compared with dogs with FIAD, perhaps co-sensitization occurred due to an HDM protease antigen's, Der f 1 and/or Der p 1, proteolytic activity related epidermal skin barrier defects. Treatment to limit skin colonization may thus be especially important in NFIAD.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32492589/