Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
IgE sensitivity to Malassezia pachydermatis and mite allergens in dogs with atopic dermatitis.
- Journal:
- Veterinary immunology and immunopathology
- Year:
- 2020
- Authors:
- Ishimaru, Hironobu et al.
- Affiliation:
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology · Japan
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
This study looked at dogs with atopic dermatitis, a skin condition that can cause itching and inflammation. The researchers divided the dogs into two groups: those whose condition was not caused by food (NFIAD) and those whose condition was caused by food (FIAD). They found that a higher percentage of dogs in the NFIAD group were sensitive to a yeast called Malassezia pachydermatis and house dust mites compared to the FIAD group. This suggests that dogs with NFIAD are more likely to develop allergies to these common substances, possibly due to skin barrier issues. The findings indicate that treating skin infections and limiting yeast growth may be particularly important for dogs with NFIAD.
Abstract
In this study, dogs with atopic dermatitis were separated into non-food-induced atopic dermatitis (NFIAD) group (n = 15) and food-induced atopic dermatitis (FIAD) group (n = 37) based on an elimination diet test. IgE reactivity for crude Malassezia pachydermatis (M. pachydermatis) and house dust mites (HDM) allergen extracts was investigated in the two groups using fluorometric enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and intradermal skin test (IDST). Nine (60%) of the 15 dogs in NFIAD group and 6 (16%) of the 37 dogs in FIAD group showed specific IgE for M. pachydermatis (Mann-Whitney U-test, P < 0.01). By immunoblotting analysis, the pooled serum samples from dogs with IgE for M. pachydermatis showed IgE reactivity for 50 kDa protein of M. pachydermatis. Twelve (80%) of the 15 dogs in NFIAD group and 8 (22%) of the 37 dogs in FIAD group showed specific IgE for HDM (Mann-Whitney U-test, P < 0.01). In addition, the dogs in NFIAD group significantly show a positive IDST to M. pachydermatis and HDM extracts compared with the dogs in FIAD group. The results suggest that dogs with NFIAD are at increased risk of becoming sensitized to the normal commensal organism M. pachydermatis compared with dogs with FIAD, perhaps co-sensitization occurred due to an HDM protease antigen's, Der f 1 and/or Der p 1, proteolytic activity related epidermal skin barrier defects. Treatment to limit skin colonization may thus be especially important in NFIAD.
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Search related cases →Original publication: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32492589/