Immunomodulatory and anti-proliferative effects of canine adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction on peripheral blood mononuclear cells: An in vitro model for therapeutic applications.

Abstract

This study investigated the immunomodulatory and anti-proliferative effects of canine adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy and lymphoma-affected dogs. SVF, a rich source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), was isolated from canine periovarian adipose tissue and characterized by flow cytometry (CD45, CD44, and CD90), immunocytochemistry, and gene expression analyses (CD44, CD90, and CD105). Coculturing SVF with PBMCs showed that SVF significantly increased the population doubling time and decreased Ki-67 expression in PBMCs (3.5-fold) in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, SVF exhibited immunomodulatory properties by remarkably down-regulating the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α (44-fold; p = 0.0003) and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory cytokine PTGS1 (88-fold; p = 0.008). These findings confirm that canine SVF contains functional MSCs and possesses significant immunomodulatory and anti-proliferative capabilities against PBMCs, suggesting its therapeutic potential. This study also demonstrates coculture of SVF and PBMC as an in vitro model for studying therapeutic applications of stem cells in canine inflammatory and proliferative conditions.