Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Acute kidney injury risk in dogs treated with amphotericin B
By Chan, Jennifer C et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary internal medicine·2023·William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Incidence of acute kidney injury in dogs with systemic mycotic infections treated with amphotericin B (1996-2020).
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
Fifty-one dogs being treated for serious fungal infections with a medication called amphotericin B (AmB) were monitored for kidney problems. About 36% to 42% of these dogs developed acute kidney injury (AKI), which is a sudden decline in kidney function. Interestingly, many of the dogs that experienced AKI were able to continue their treatment after a short break. The study found that dogs receiving a specific formulation of AmB (lipid complex) could tolerate higher doses before showing signs of kidney issues.
People also search for: dog kidney injury treatment · amphotericin B side effects in dogs · systemic fungal infection in dogs
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Amphotericin-B (AmB) is an essential medication for the treatment of life-threatening systemic mycoses but the incidence and risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) after its administration are not known in dogs. OBJECTIVE: Determine the incidence of and risk factors for AKI in dogs receiving AmB. ANIMALS: Fifty-one client owned dogs receiving AmB for the treatment of systemic mycoses. METHODS: Retrospective study. Signalment, potential risk factors, AKI development (creatinine ≥0.3 mg/dL from baseline), drug formulation (deoxycholate [AmB-D] or lipid complex [ABLC]), dose, and treatment duration were recorded. The probability of an AKI diagnosis was evaluated using a log-rank test. The incidence of AKI and odds ratios were calculated for potential risk factors. RESULTS: Incidence of AKI was 5/12 (42%) for dogs receiving AmB-D and 14/39 (36%) for dogs receiving ABLC. Of the 19 dogs that developed AKI, 16 (84%) continued treatment after a pause in the planned dosing protocol. Fifty percent of dogs received a cumulative dose of 6.9 mg/kg for AmB-D and 22.5 mg/kg for ABLC (P < .01) at time of AKI diagnosis. ICU hospitalization (odds ratio [OR] 0.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.58-0.87) and inpatient status (OR 0.25, 95% CI: 0.07-0.86) were associated with decreased odds of AKI. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Incidence of AKI with AmB is common but does not always preclude continued treatment. The incidence of AKI is similar between AmB-D and ABLC, but dogs receiving ABLC tolerated a higher cumulative total dose before AKI diagnosis.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37148178/