Microalbuminuria is not associated with cisplatin-induced azotemia in dogs.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cisplatin is an effective antineoplastic agent but its use is limited by renal toxicity. Microalbuminuria is a marker of renal damage and might be an indicator of cisplatin-induced azotemia. NULL HYPOTHESIS: Microalbuminuria is not associated with azotemia in dogs treated with cisplatin. ANIMALS: This study used 32 client-owned dogs. METHODS: This was a prospective observational study in which cancer-bearing dogs were treated with cisplatin chemotherapy. Cisplatin-induced azotemia was defined as an increase of serum creatinine concentration above the reference range. Serum creatinine concentration, other routine tests of renal function, and microalbuminuria were measured after each cisplatin treatment. Variables potentially associated with azotemia were compared by use of Fisher's exact test and Wilcoxon's rank-sum test. RESULTS: Cisplatin-induced azotemia occurred in 10 (31%) dogs after 1-5 treatments. At each of the first 3 treatments, the proportions of dogs with microalbuminuria were similar between dogs with and without azotemia. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Microalbuminuria measured after each treatment was not associated with azotemia through the first 3 treatments. Testing for microalbuminuria as a marker for cisplatin-induced renal damage is insensitive and not recommended.