Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Phagocyte immune response in dogs with parvoviral enteritis
By du Preez, Kelly et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc·2021·Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Oxidative burst and phagocytic activity of phagocytes in canine parvoviral enteritis.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs with severe parvovirus infection (canine parvoviral enteritis) showed signs of systemic inflammation and weakened immune response. Researchers studied the blood of 28 affected dogs and compared it to 11 healthy dogs to see how well their immune cells (phagocytes) were functioning. They found that dogs with low levels of certain white blood cells (neutropenia) had reduced ability to fight infections. Although there were no overall differences in immune cell function between sick and healthy dogs, those with neutropenia or specific types of white blood cells had a harder time responding to infections.
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Abstract
Canine parvoviral enteritis (CPE) is a severe disease characterized by systemic inflammation and immunosuppression. The function of circulating phagocytes (neutrophils and monocytes) in affected dogs has not been fully investigated. We characterized the functional capacity of canine phagocytes in CPE by determining their oxidative burst and phagocytic activities using flow cytometry. Blood was collected from 28 dogs with CPE and 11 healthy, age-matched, control dogs. Oxidative burst activity was assessed by stimulating phagocytes with opsonizedor phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and measuring the percentage of phagocytes producing reactive oxygen species and the magnitude of this production. Phagocytosis was measured by incubating phagocytes with opsonizedand measuring the percentage of phagocytes containingand the number of bacteria per cell. Complete blood counts and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations were also determined. Serum CRP concentration was negatively and positively correlated with segmented and band neutrophil concentrations, respectively. Overall, no differences in phagocyte function were found between dogs with CPE and healthy control dogs. However, infected dogs with neutropenia or circulating band neutrophils had decreased PMA-stimulated oxidative burst activity compared to healthy controls. Additionally, CPE dogs with neutropenia or circulating band neutrophils had decreased PMA- and-stimulated oxidative burst activity and decreased phagocytosis ofcompared to CPE dogs without neutropenia or band neutrophils. We conclude that phagocytes have decreased oxidative burst and phagocytic activity in neutropenic CPE dogs and in CPE dogs with circulating band neutrophils.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34148453/