Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Horse vaccine shows promise preventing BPV1 and BPV2 skin tumors
By Hainisch, Edmund K et al.·Published in The Journal of general virology·2017·Equine Clinic·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Potential of a BPV1 L1 VLP vaccine to prevent BPV1- or BPV2-induced pseudo-sarcoid formation and safety and immunogenicity of EcPV2 L1 VLPs in horse.
- Species:
- horse
Plain-English summary
A group of healthy horses was vaccinated with a special vaccine designed to protect against bovine papillomavirus types 1 and 2 (BPV1 and BPV2), which can cause skin tumors called pseudo-sarcoids. After vaccination, most of the horses showed a strong immune response and did not develop any skin changes when exposed to BPV1. However, while the bivalent vaccine (which targets both BPV1 and BPV2) was safe, it only provided partial protection against BPV2, with some horses developing small, temporary skin bumps. The study found that the vaccine specifically targeting BPV1 was very effective at preventing tumor formation.
People also search for: horse papillomavirus vaccine · BPV1 vaccine for horses · horse skin tumors treatment
Abstract
We have previously shown that immunization of horses with bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV1) L1 virus-like particles (VLPs) is safe and highly immunogenic and that BPV1 and bovine papillomavirus type 2 (BPV2) are closely related serotypes. Here we evaluated the protective potential of a BPV1 L1 VLP vaccine against experimental BPV1 and BPV2 challenge and studied the safety and immunogenicity of a bivalent equine papillomavirus type 2 (EcPV2)/BPV1 L1 VLP vaccine. Fourteen healthy horses were immunized with BPV1 L1 VLPs (100 µg per injection) plus adjuvant on days 0 and 28, while seven remained unvaccinated. On day 42, all 21 horses were challenged intradermally at 10 sites of the neck with 107 BPV1 virions per injection. In analogy, 14 horses immunized twice with EcPV2 plus BPV1 L1 VLPs (50 µg each) and seven control animals were challenged with 107 BPV2 virions per injection. Immunization with BPV1 L1 VLPs alone induced a robust antibody response (day 42 median titre: 12 800), and BPV1-inoculated skin remained unchanged in 13/14 vaccinated horses. Immunization with the bivalent vaccine was safe, resulted in lower median day 42 antibody titres of 400 for BPV1 and 1600 for EcPV2 and conferred significant yet incomplete cross-protection from BPV2-induced tumour formation, with 11/14 horses developing small, short-lived papules. Control horses developed pseudo-sarcoids at all inoculation sites. The monovalent BPV1 L1 VLP vaccine proved highly effective in protecting horses from BPV1-induced pseudo-sarcoid formation. Incomplete protection from BPV2-induced tumour development conferred by the bivalent vaccine is due to the poorer immune response by immune interference or lower cross-neutralization titres to heterologous BPV2 virions.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28284277/