Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Dog with severe anemia linked to advanced mast cell tumor in bone
By Akiyoshi, Makoto et al.·Published in Veterinary clinical pathology·2021·School of Veterinary Medicine, Japan·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Precursor-targeted immune-mediated anemia in a dog with a stage IV mast cell tumor and bone marrow infiltration.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A 12-year-old spayed female Shiba Inu was brought to the vet for severe anemia and suspected bone marrow involvement from a mast cell tumor. Tests showed her red blood cell levels were critically low, and there were abnormal mast cells in her blood. She was diagnosed with immune-mediated anemia related to the cancer and received a combination of treatments, including chemotherapy and a blood transfusion. Unfortunately, despite treatment, the dog passed away 139 days later due to the progression of the tumor.
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Abstract
A 12-year-old spayed female Shiba Inu dog was referred to our hospital for a suspected mast cell tumor (MCT) of the bone marrow (BM). Laboratory abnormalities included severe nonregenerative anemia (packed cell volume or PCV: 12.5%; reference interval (RI): 37.3-61.7%; reticulocytes: 35.1 × 10/µL; RI: 10-110 × 10/µL), and a few mast cells were visualized in the blood smear examination. The BM was hypercellular with hematopoietic cells, a decreased myeloid:erythroid (M:E) ratio (0.77; RI, 0.9-1.8), and no dysplastic hematopoietic cells. Mast cells accounted for 11.5% of the total nucleated BM cells. Neoplastic mast cells and histiocytes phagocytizing erythroid progenitor cells were occasionally noted. The dog was diagnosed with precursor-targeted immune-mediated anemia (PIMA) concurrent and a stage IV MCT infiltrating the BM. Multimodal treatment included toceranib, imatinib, vinblastine, lomustine (CCNU), prednisolone, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, and a blood transfusion. The dog died due to MCT progression lasting 139 days after the initial BM examination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a dog presenting with PIMA and a stage IV MCT infiltrating the BM.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33655582/