Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
How common is H3N8 dog flu in US dogs with flu symptoms
By Anderson, Tara C et al.·Published in Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association·2013·College of Veterinary Medicine, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Prevalence of and exposure factors for seropositivity to H3N8 canine influenza virus in dogs with influenza-like illness in the United States.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A study found that nearly half of the dogs with flu-like symptoms tested positive for the H3N8 canine influenza virus (CIV) in the United States. Out of 1,268 dogs examined, 49% had antibodies against this virus, with higher rates in certain regions and among dogs in shelters or boarding facilities. The prevalence of CIV antibodies varied over the years, peaking in 2007 before dropping significantly in 2009. This highlights the importance of monitoring for canine influenza and suggests that dog facilities should have measures in place to prevent the spread of the virus.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the seroprevalence of antibodies against H3N8 canine influenza virus (CIV) in a population of US dogs with influenza-like illness (ILI) and to identify factors associated with seropositivity. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. ANIMALS: 1,268 pet and shelter dogs with ILI in 42 states. PROCEDURES: Serum samples collected from dogs from 2005 through June 2009 were tested for H3N8 CIV antibodies with a hemagglutination inhibition assay. Intrinsic factors (age, breed, and sex), extrinsic factors (dogs housed in a shelter facility, boarding kennel, or other setting), and geographic region (southwest, west, Midwest, southeast, and northeast) were compared between seropositive and seronegative dogs to identify variables associated with seropositivity. RESULTS: Most (750/1,268 [59%]) dogs in the study were from Colorado, Florida, or New York. The overall seroprevalence of antibodies against H3N8 CIV was 49% (618/1,268 dogs; 95% confidence interval, 46% to 51%). The annual prevalence of H3N8 CIV seropositivity increased from 2005 (44%) to 2006 (53%) and 2007 (62%), then decreased in 2008 (38%) and 2009 (15%). The likelihood of H3N8 CIV seropositivity was associated with geographic region (southeast during 2005, west and northeast during 2006 and 2007, and northeast during 2008) and exposure setting (dogs housed in a shelter facility or boarding kennel during 2005 and 2006). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results of this study suggested there is a need for continued surveillance for H3N8 CIV infection in dogs in the United States and that personnel in communal dog-housing facilities should formulate, implement, and evaluate biosecurity protocols to reduce the risk of CIV transmission among dogs.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23276098/