Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Primary Hypoparathyroidism and Recurring Hypocalcemia in a Quarter Horse Gelding-A Case Report.
- Journal:
- Journal of equine veterinary science
- Year:
- 2021
- Authors:
- Thompson, Alexis C & Mochal-King, Cathleen
- Affiliation:
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine
- Species:
- horse
Plain-English summary
A 17-year-old Quarter Horse gelding was brought in because he was shaking and had tremors. The vet found that he had low calcium levels, which can cause muscle problems, and he also had high levels of phosphorus and potassium. To treat him, the horse received calcium through both oral and intravenous methods, along with fluids, and his symptoms improved within a day and a half. However, when the treatment stopped, the symptoms came back, leading to a diagnosis of primary hypoparathyroidism, a condition where the body doesn't produce enough parathyroid hormone. The horse is now on a long-term treatment plan that includes oral calcium and vitamin supplements, which has helped him perform well without any noticeable issues.
Abstract
Hypoparathyroidism is an uncommon endocrine disorder in the horse characterized by a transient or permanent parathyroid hormone insufficiency. Hypoparathyroidism is associated with hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia, primarily presenting with clinical signs consistent with hypocalcemia. This case report describes clinical presentation and treatment of a horse with severe hypocalcemia due to primary hypoparathyroidism. A 17-year-old, 542 kg Quarter Horse gelding presented for shaking and tremors. Significant findings include generalized muscle fasciculations, synchronous diaphragmatic flutter, and a markedly hypermetric hindlimb gait. Hematology revealed a moderate hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypomagnesemia, and severe hypocalcemia. Initial treatment consisted of oral and intravenous calcium supplementation and fluid therapy. Thirty-six hours after presentation, clinical signs resolved, and treatment was discontinued. Clinical signs reoccurred after the discontinuation of treatment. A presumptive diagnosis of primary hypoparathyroidism was made based on low parathyroid hormone in the presence of low ionized calcium. The patient was maintained on oral calcium carbonate (feed grade lime) and vitamin AED supplementation. Hypoparathyroidism is rare but oral supplementation of calcium with calcium carbonate resulted in a favorable outcome with no apparent decrease in performance. Long-term supplementation may be required to prevent disease recurrence.
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Search related cases →Original publication: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33781415/